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Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC)
In 1995 an outbreak of acute kidney injury manifesting with chronic nephritis and resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been noticed in Central America, Sri Lanka and other tropical countries. The condition has been named chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC), since it predominantly appeared in farming communities. The established minimal set of clinical diagnostic criteria for CINAC included: residence in agricultural communities in tropical climate, predominance of young males, and absence of diabetes, hypertension, glomerulopathies or other known causes of CKD.
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