High altitude (HA) locations are defined as sites situated at an elevation of at least 2500m above sea level. Contemporary transportation options provide easy access to HA locations, making them conveniently available to a large number of individuals including the elderly, sedentary, and diseased persons. With increasing altitude, a progressive reduction in barometric pressure, air temperature, and air humidity develop. Physiological acclimatization mechanisms impose a significantly increased workload on the cardiovascular and renal systems.
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