R. Coppo (Italy) presented two perfect lectures: IgA Nephropathy: Risk factors for progression and treatment options and Lupus Nephritis: Advance in pathogenesis and treatment. R. Coppo stressed that in induction therapy different agents may be successfully used for maintenance therapy. The possibility of rotating agents with different side effects may allow the possibility to lower the doses of steroids, to reduce drug-specific morbidity, and to improve the patients’ compliance.

T. Andreoli (USA) instead presented state of the art lectures devoted to the difficult themes: renal tubular acidosis and hyperkalemic syndromes. An author conducted an analogy with the quarter horses. Stopping the heart in diastole is the most frequent reason of death of patients with PTA (and horse on a sprint) with the syndrome of hyperkalemia.

D. Tsakiris (Greece) presented the review of the national and international programs on prevention of CKD. The speaker noted that there are different effective therapeutic regimens to reduce the problem and promising alternative models of health services which need to be perfected in the general population. Prof. D. Tsakiris’s second presentation was dedicated to oxidative stress and therapy regimes of its correction.

The lectures of K. Olgaard (Denmark) were devoted to vitamin D deficiency in CKD patients. Epidemiological evidence, consequences, solutions and calcimimetics: a new era in treatment. K. Olgaard stated that the plasma levels of 1,25(OH)2 D3 are significantly diminished in CKD stages 3 – 5, the mortality of uremic patients is related to disturbed vitamin D metabolism and substitution of uremic patients with 1,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore calcimimetics treatment is new and it helps patients with second hyperparathyroidism.

The lecture of S. Davies (Great Britain) was devoted the problem of PD. Patients on PD are more frequently young, of white race, better fed and fit, employed, married, healthy, satisfied with the treatment, and also live farther away from a clinic. Survivability on modern PD is identical if compared with haemodialysis. The modern approaches were presented by the speaker.
The presentations of G. London (France) were dedicated to pathogenesis and the consequences of left ventricular hypertrophy in end-stage renal disease and refractory hypertension in CKD: the role of arterial stiffness. The results of ASCOT showed a good approach for nephrologists.

The final lecture of the program was presented by D. Ivanov and devoted to the results of the annual congress of ERA-EDTA and analysis of modern recommendations of CKD treatment. The main targets and treatment approaches were proposed for clinical usage.

The overall meeting caused large interest among the 87 doctors of 7 different countries and attracted many questions from the audience. The course was accredited by the European Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (EACCME) for 15 CME credits. The ERA-EDTA Travel Grant winner from Poland also received a grant for REENA. All slide presentations were presented simultaneously in English and Russian and a CD with all the lectures was prepared and handed out to all participants.

Special thanks for organizing and planning REENA to R. Coppo and D. Tsakiris.